在统考试题听力部分中,地点类题也占有一定的比例。地点要主涉及谈话的地点、事件发生的地点,或谈话者来自何方及要去的地点。这类对话可分为直接型和含蓄型两种。在谈话过程中直接提及某个地点或去向的对话为直接型,而对话中没有涉及某个地点,要求应试者根据对话的内容进行推理、判断来确定的,为含蓄型。
一般情况下,地点类题比较容易辨别,通过阅读选择项便可一目了然。因为这些选择项大多由介词短语担当,或是一些国家或地区的专有名词。
例1.录音原文:
M:Im exhausted today.Ive been here in the classroom all day reading and doing my homework.What about you?
W:Not too bad.But Im hungry now.Lets go to the restaurant,shall we?
Q:Where does this conversation take place? (1995年题)
选择项:
A.In the dormITory. B.In the classroom.
C.In the restaurant. D.In the library.
此题明确指出here in the classroom,正好与B项吻合,为直接型地点辨别题。题中虽然也提到restaurant,但用的介词是to表示方向,是干扰项。注意:此题还可提问为Where does the woman want to go?选择项中的介词改为to,那便是问去向,答案即是C了。
例2.录音原文:
W:What a surprise to see you at the supermarket! I thought you always ate in restaurants.
M:The restaurants cost too much.I eat at home.
Q:Where does the conversation most probably take place? (1996年题)
选择项:
A.In the supermarket. B.In the restaurant.
C.In the mans home. D.In the womans home.
对话中第一句就说明了对话发生的地点at the supermarket,之后虽然也提到restaurant和home,但那与问题毫无关系,是干扰项。答这道题的关键是听清问题。
例3.录音原文:
M:Is there anything I can do for you, Madam?
W:Id like to see some bed linen,please.
Q:Where is the conversation probably taking place? (1997年题)
选择项:
A.At a supermarket.B.In a hotel room.
C.At a department store.D.In a lost and foud department.
该对话中没有直接提到任何场所,属于含蓄型地点辨别题,但提供了反映职业特点的常用句Is there anything I can do for you和与环境情节有关的词bed linen,据此考生可以推断出答案为C。
..地点类题提问形式:
Where does this conversation(most probably)take place?
Where is this conversation(most probably)taking place?
Where does the man/woman plan/want to go?
Where does the man/woman prefer to live/stay?
Where is the man/woman working/living now?
What place did the man/woman visIT first/last?
Where are the speakers now?
Where is…from?
Where have they been to?
..地点类题解题要领
①根据选择项中地点名词前的介词推断提问。如果是表示存在意义的介词at,in,那问题便可能是关于对话或事件发生的地点;如果是表示动向的介词to,from,则问的是要去、已去或来自何方。这样,听录音时有助于抓住相关信息,排除干扰因素,提高答题准确率。如上述例1。
②听清问题是关键。有时单从选择项前的介词还不能判断出问题是问对话发生的地点,还是对话中听提及的某事发生的地点,这时就取决于提问形式。如上面例2将问题改成Where does the man eat,答案便是C;如果将问题改成Where did the woman think the man eats,那答案则为B。
③抓住与特定场所有关的词、词组和句型,推断暗示的地点。下面是常见的场合中可能出现的词汇和表达,熟悉了这些对应关系,需要时自然就会有对应联想。
HospITal:medicine,operation,doctor,patient,nurse,ward,fever,cough, headache,temperature,blood pressure,dizzy,rundown;What seems to be the trouble?
Bank:account,cheque,interest rate,cash,tellers window, deposIT,dollar,pound,open on account,wIThdraw some money
Postoffice:stamp,envelope,parcel,postage,registered mail,air mail,ordinary mail,telegram,moneysgroups
Hotel:reception desk,front desk,vacant room,single/double room,twin bed,reserve,check in, check out,porter,tip,full,room service
Restaurant:order,menu,bill,waITer,drink,salad,soup,dessert,roast beef,steak,go Dutch;ITs my treat.Are you ready tosgroupsnow?Im full.
School:professor,exam,campus,degree,semester,term,assignment,grade,score,paper,lab test,course,credIT
Store:size,color,style,price,fashion,cheap,expensive,counter,pay;What can I do for you? Is there anything I can do for you? Id like to see…
Airport:departure,flight,take off,securITy clearance,green/red channel,boarding pass,check in,gate
Customs:duty free,fill in the form.Do you have anything to declare?
Library:catalogue,list,renew,borrow,due
④熟悉世界上主要国家和英、美、加拿大主要城市和名称(见1995年第9题题解)。
总之,即便是直接型地点类题,命题人也不会设计成在录音原文中只出现一个地点的情况,而总会提及几个地点,起声东击西的作用,对考生进行思维干扰。因此考生切不可听到什么就选什么,而应加以分析。